![]() The performance of a network is adversely affected under heavy traffic load due to collisions and retransmissions.Īpplying a subnet mask to an IP address separates network address from host address. All nodes (hosts) in a subnetwork see all packets transmitted by any node in a network. Subnetting an IP network is to separate a big network into smaller multiple networks for reorganization and security purposes. The "0" address is assigned a network address and "255" is assigned to a broadcast address, and they cannot be assigned to hosts.Įxamples of commonly used netmasks for classed networks are 8-bits (Class A), 16-bits (Class B), and 24-bits (Class C), and classless networks are as follows: ![]() Within a given network, two host addresses are reserved for a special purpose, and cannot be assigned to hosts. Subnet Mask is made by setting network bits to all "1"s and setting host bits to all "0"s. It is called a subnet mask because it is used to identify network address of an IP address by perfoming a bitwise AND operation on the netmask.Ī Subnet mask is a 32-bit number that masks an IP address and divides the IP address into network address and host address. Use the Subnet Calculator to retrieve subnetwork information from IP address and Subnet Mask. Subnetting further divides the host part of an IP address into a subnet and host address () if additional subnetwork is needed. A subnet mask separates the IP address into the network and host addresses (). ![]() An IP address has two components, the network address and the host address.
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